Fundamentals & Notations

The loss of quantum behavior when a system interacts with its environment,...

A form of quantum noise that disrupts the relative phase between components...

A quantum correlation in which two or more systems share a joint...

The lowest-energy state available to a quantum system. Preparing a system in...

The mathematical function that describes the characteristics of the quantum state of...

A multipartite entangled state with one shared excitation. Unlike a GHZ state,...

Dirac's standard notation for quantum mechanics. A ket |ψ⟩ represents a quantum...

The mathematical operator representing a system's total energy. It determines how a...

A discrete quantum of electromagnetic energy and the fundamental particle of light....

An intrinsic quantum form of angular momentum. Electron and nuclear spin states...